专利摘要:
A forage harvester (10) is equipped with a supporting frame (12), a chopping drum (22), an ejection accelerator (24) designed as a tangential conveyor, a transition housing (92) and an ejection elbow (26) arranged downstream of the transition housing (92), which is supported via a pivot bearing (90) on a support (98) coupled to the frame (12). The support (98) is coupled to the frame (12) independently of the transition housing (92), so that the transition housing (92) is relieved of a load-bearing function for the discharge spout (26).
公开号:BE1027578B1
申请号:E20200087
申请日:2020-07-27
公开日:2021-08-03
发明作者:Andreas Rabung;Patrick Mclawhorn;Gerd Schoerry
申请人:Deere & Co;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

The invention relates to a forage harvester with a supporting frame that can be moved in a forward direction over a field, a chopping drum for chopping up crops picked up by means of a header, an ejection accelerator arranged downstream of the chopping drum and designed as a tangential conveyor which comprises a housing and a rotor arranged therein, a transition housing arranged downstream of the housing of the ejection accelerator and a discharge chute arranged downstream of the transition housing for transferring the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle, which is supported by a pivot bearing on a support coupled to the frame.
PRIOR ART Forage harvesters are used to harvest plants that are picked up or cut off from a field, fed to a chopping device and chopped up by it, and finally loaded onto a transport vehicle.
For this task, a driven ejection accelerator is provided downstream of the chopping device (or a conditioning device that can optionally be introduced into the crop flow during maize harvesting downstream of the chopping device), which conveys the chopped crop upwards into a transition housing.
At the upper end of the transition housing, a rotating ring is mounted on a rotating ring about the vertical axis or an axis slightly inclined backwards. Actuators are provided in order to rotate the lower part about the vertical axis and to rotate the upper part with respect to the lower part about the horizontal axis. Another actuator is used to adjust the discharge flap.
In the prior art, the mechanical support of the discharge spout takes place via the transition housing, which is permanently coupled to the frame of the forage harvester. For this purpose, reference is made, for example, to EP 2 708 109 A1, which shows brackets welded to the transition housing, which are connected to the actual, supporting frame of the forage harvester via struts. The forces exerted by the discharge spout are therefore transmitted to the frame via the turntable, the transition housing and the struts. Since these forces can be relatively large, especially in the case of longer discharge chutes, the transition housing must have a sufficiently stable structure and is therefore very difficult and expensive to manufacture.
EP 0 672 339 A1 shows another forage harvester in which the housing of the ejection accelerator, designed as a radial fan with an axis of rotation inclined backwards and downwards, is attached to a frame structure. The housing of the ejection accelerator is coupled to a tubular fan outlet, which is connected at its upper end to a radially outwardly projecting ring. The ring is loosely received on a base plate, but not attached to it. The gap between the ring and the base plate is closed by a rubber seal. The base plate is in turn connected by cross struts to struts of the frame of the forage harvester. The lower part of the discharge spout, designed as a tube, is rotatably supported on the base plate and is driven for adjustment around the vertical axis by a segmented gearwheel coupled to the tube, which interacts with a motor-driven worm. The tube is additionally supported at approximately half its height on a belt which is fastened to an upper transverse frame element which extends between vertical supports. At the top of the tube is the
The upper part of the discharge chute is articulated so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis and is adjustable by a hydraulic cylinder. In this forage harvester, the function of the transition housing is performed by the tubular fan outlet. A disadvantage here is that the discharge chute is also arranged eccentrically due to the radial fan, which has an outlet that is laterally offset from the longitudinal center plane of the forage harvester, which means that there is an asymmetry in the event of overloading, depending on which side the forage harvester is overloading . In the case of later forage harvesters, the applicant concerned switched to a tangential fan with a central fan outlet, in which the transition housing is attached to the frame in a manner analogous to EP 2 708 109 A1 and transmits the supporting forces of the discharge chute (EP 1 600 050 A1). OBJECT The object on which the invention is based is seen in providing a forage harvester which is improved compared to the prior art mentioned.
Solution According to the invention, this object is achieved by the teaching of patent claim 1, the further patent claims citing features that further develop the solution in an advantageous manner. A forage harvester has a supporting frame that can be moved in a forward direction over a field, a chopping drum for chopping up crops picked up by means of a header, an ejection accelerator arranged downstream of the chopping drum and designed as a tangential conveyor, which comprises a housing and a rotor arranged therein, a transition housing arranged downstream of the housing of the ejection accelerator and a discharge elbow arranged downstream of the transition housing for the
Overloading the shredded crop is equipped on a transport vehicle, which is supported by a pivot bearing on a support coupled to the frame. The support is coupled to the frame independently of the transition housing, so that the transition housing is relieved of a load-bearing function for the discharge chute.
In this way one avoids the disadvantages mentioned above. By using the discharge accelerator designed as a tangential conveyor, the discharge spout can be positioned on the longitudinal center plane of the forage harvester and the connection of the support of the discharge spout, which is independent of the transition housing, relieves the transition housing of a load-bearing function and can thus be manufactured more easily and more cheaply.
The support can be connected by a subframe structure to two longitudinal members extending in the forward direction, which in turn are coupled to a drive motor, the chopping drum and front and rear ground engaging means.
The subframe construction can comprise two front submounts, which are each coupled directly or indirectly to a longitudinal member and which extend upward on the front side of the ejection accelerator and / or to the side thereof and / or underneath. The subframe construction can alternatively or additionally comprise two rear subcarriers, which are each coupled directly or indirectly to a longitudinal carrier and which extend upwards on the rear side of the ejection accelerator. The front submounts and rear submounts can be connected to each other at their upper ends and / or below the upper ends by one or more transversely extending cross members and / or support plates or carriers extending in the forward direction and / or a carrier plate of the support directly or indirectly to one another be connected.
The rotary bearing of the discharge spout can be attached to the support plate and / or a frame structure (especially the one mentioned in the previous paragraph) with cross members extending in the transverse direction 5 and / or support plates or carriers extending in the forward direction.
The ejection accelerator can be supported on both sides by brackets on the front auxiliary beams and / or on the rear auxiliary beams and / or by separate support means directly or indirectly on the longitudinal beams.
The discharge spout can comprise a tubular lower part supported on the support by means of the pivot bearing, which can be rotated by means of an adjusting drive relative to the support around a vertical or slightly backwardly inclined axis, as well as an upper part which is moved by an actuator around a horizontal axis relative to the lower part is pivotable, wherein the lower part, apart from the pivot bearing, is not supported by further means on the frame.
The transition housing can be designed as a wear part and not be provided with wear inserts.
Exemplary embodiment An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained with the aid of the figures.
1: a schematic side view of a forage harvester, FIG. 2: a side view of the frame of the forage harvester of FIG. 1, FIG. 3: a side view of the front area of the
Frame with the attachment means of the front wheels removed, FIG. 4: a perspective view of the attachment of the discharge spout from the front, and FIG. 5: a section along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4. A self-propelled forage harvester 10 shown in FIG. 1 is set up a frame 12 carried by powered front ground engaging means 14 in the form of wheels and rear ground engaging means 16 in the form of steerable wheels. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18 from which a header 20 suitable for harvesting stem-like plants can be viewed. By means of the header 20, which in the illustrated embodiment is a row-independent maize header, material picked up from the ground, e.g. B. corn, grain or the like is fed through upper pre-press rollers 30 and lower pre-press rollers 32 arranged in a feed assembly 36 to a chopping drum 22, which chops it into small pieces and gives it to an ejection accelerator 24. The crop leaves the forage harvester 10 to a trailer driving alongside via an adjustable discharge chute 26. Between the chopping drum 22 and the conveying device 24 extends a conditioning device 28 with two interacting rollers 38, 40 through which the goods to be conveyed act as a tangential conveyor executed ejection accelerator 24 is supplied tangentially. In the following, directional information - unless otherwise mentioned - relate to the forward direction V of the forage harvester 10, such as front, rear, left and right, which runs from right to left in FIG. 1.
Between the crop pick-up device 20 and the chopping drum 22, the crop is transported by an intake conveyor with lower conveyor rollers 32 and upper conveyor rollers 30,
which are mounted within a feeder housing 36. The conveyor rollers 30, 32 are also referred to as pre-press rollers, since the upper conveyor rollers 30 are biased against the lower conveyor rollers 32 by spring force so that the crop is precompacted between the conveyor rollers 30, 32 and can be better cut. The chopping knives distributed around the circumference of the chopping drum 22 cooperate with a shearbar to chop the material.
Figures 2 and 3 show the frame 12 with the panels removed. The frame 12 comprises two longitudinal beams 42, only one of which can be seen. The other longitudinal beam extends laterally offset to the longitudinal beam 42 shown, parallel to the longitudinal beam 42 shown (or at a horizontal angle thereto) and is connected to the longitudinal beam 42 shown by cross connections. The longitudinal beams 42 can be designed as steel beams and have any desired profile (e.g. C, double-T or box profile). On the longitudinal beam 42, among other things, via fastening means (not shown), a drive motor 44 arranged in the rear area of the forage harvester 10 for driving the movable components of the forage harvester 10 and, in front of it, a cooling unit 46 with heat exchangers and a fan for sucking in air (a possible embodiment is in DE 10 2008 040 902 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference into the present documents) that sucks in air from a maintenance room 48. The side rail 42 extends from a rear end 54, which is near the rear end of the forage harvester 10, to a front end 52. At the rear end of the side rail 42 is a counterweight assembly 56 with an attached coupling 50 to the side rail 42 connected.
In the rear third of the longitudinal beam 42, attachment means 58 for attaching the rear ground engaging means 16 are attached to its underside, which have a hydraulic motor 60 for driving the ground engaging means and a transversely extending one
Axle assembly 64 with flanges 62 on both sides for attaching the rear ground engaging means 16 comprises. The axle arrangement 64 comprises in known means an optional drive train between the optional hydraulic motor 60 and the flanges 62 which are rotatable about their axis and which can be rotated about the vertical axis by steering means in order to specify the direction of travel of the forage harvester 10. One possible embodiment of the attachment means 58 is shown in DE 10 2013 222 254 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present documents by reference.
Adjacent the front end of the side rail 42, attachment means 66 are provided for attaching the front ground engaging means 14, which include a mounting plate 68 that is positioned on the outside of the side rail 42 and bolted to the side rail 42. End drives 72, which in turn are equipped with rotatable flanges 70 for attaching the ground engaging means 14, are mounted on the fastening plate 68. The flanges 70 are drivingly connected via the final drives 72 to mechanical or hydrostatic or electrical drive means, which in turn can be driven by the drive motor 44. If the ground engaging means 14, 16, as shown in FIG. 1, are designed as wheels, the rims of the wheels are connected to the flanges 64, 70, as shown in FIG. If, on the other hand, the ground engaging means are designed as crawler tracks, a drive wheel of the crawler track is connected to the flange 64 or 70. The axis of rotation 74 of the flange 70 (and thus of the front ground engagement means 14) is located above the lower edge 78 of the area of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the axis of rotation 74, in particular approximately at the level of the upper edge 76 of the region of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the axis of rotation 74 The longitudinal member 42 rises linearly overall from the front to the rear, ie the upper edge 76 is lower at the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42 than at the rear end 54, which also applies analogously to the lower edge 78. In addition, the longitudinal beam 42 tapers from the front to the rear, at least until shortly before the rear end 54, i.e. lower edge 78 and upper edge 76 converge towards the rear. A holder 80 for attaching the chopping drum 22 is also provided at the front end of the longitudinal beam 42 and comprises a fastening plate 82 which is positioned on the inside of the longitudinal beam 42 and is screwed to the longitudinal beam 42. The fastening plate 82 extends forward over the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42 and comprises a fork 84 at the front end, which is used to hold bearings of the chopping drum 22. The intake housing 36 is also rotatable about the axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 in a manner known per se and is adjustably supported by a hydraulic cylinder not shown in the figures. The fork 84 is arranged at a height such that the axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 is slightly above the upper edge 76 of the front region of the longitudinal member 42. The axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 is also located in front of the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42.
The conditioning device 28 with the two rollers 38, 40 is located with the rear roller 40 above the area of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the front end 52, while the front roller 38 is located partially in front of the front end 52 in the forward direction V. The conditioning device 28 is designed as an assembly that can be removed as a whole from the crop channel, as is described, for example, in DE 10 2010 002 509 Ai, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present documents by reference. The rollers 38, 40 are driven by a belt 86 which is driven by a belt pulley coupled to the shaft of the ejection accelerator 24 and revolves around belt pulleys coupled to the rollers 38, 40 and a freely rotating belt pulley 88. In the operating position shown, the conditioning device 28 is indirectly supported on the longitudinal beam 42 via suitable means.
A support 98 of a rotary bearing 90 of the discharge spout 26, which enables the discharge spout 26 to rotate about an exactly or approximately vertical axis, is supported by an auxiliary frame structure on the longitudinal member 42. The subframe structure includes a rear submount 94 which extends obliquely forward and upward from an attachment point 102 located approximately one quarter of the length of the side member 42 and is attached to the rear end of the support 98. In addition, a front auxiliary carrier 96 is provided, the lower end of which is fastened to the fastening plate 82 of the chopping drum 22. From the lower end, the front auxiliary carrier 96 extends vertically upwards to approximately the level of the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24, there then obliquely backwards and upwards and somewhat backwards the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24 again steeply upwards and is with the front end of the support 98 connected. A horizontal carrier, to which the cabin 18 is fastened, can also be attached to the front auxiliary carrier 96, in particular in the vicinity of the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24. The discharge spout 26 comprises a tubular lower part 106 which is supported on the support 98 by means of the rotary bearing 90 and which can be rotated by means of an adjusting drive 126 (see FIG is pivotable by an actuator 110 relative to the lower part 106 about a horizontal axis. The lower part 106 is relatively short and, apart from the rotary bearing 90, is not supported on the frame 12 by other means. An actuator-adjustable discharge flap 112 is attached to the outer end of the discharge spout 26.
A transition housing 92 is also attached to the frame 12 and extends between the housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 and the lower end of the ejection spout 26 and serves as a channel for the chopped crop downstream of the ejection accelerator 24. The axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24 is connected to the front auxiliary carrier 96 via a holder 100. The housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 is also fastened to the holder 100.
It should be noted that a further subframe construction with sub-beams 94, 96 is attached to the other longitudinal beam, which is not shown in the figures. Reference is made to FIG. 4 in this regard. These auxiliary carriers 94, 96 are connected to one another by the support 98. Brackets 100 are also attached to both auxiliary carriers 96 and both sides of the ejection accelerator 24, which also applies analogously to the attachment means 66 and the bracket 80. All means mentioned here are mirror-symmetrical to the vertical longitudinal center plane of the forage harvester 10.
In the embodiment shown, the chopping drum 22 and the ejection accelerator 24 are driven in a manner known per se via a further belt which can be driven via a gear unit driven by the drive motor 44, for which reference is made to the disclosure of EP 2 269 439 A1, which is provided by Reference is included in the present documents.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show the attachment of the discharge spout 26 by means of the rotary bearing 90 to the support 98, which in turn is fastened to the subframe structure with the auxiliary supports 94, 96. The support 98 comprises a cross member 114 which extends laterally between the upper ends of the two front auxiliary carriers 96 and laterally a little further and is connected to the auxiliary carriers 96 permanently or detachably. Between the rear auxiliary carriers 94 and the front auxiliary carriers 96, support plates 116 also extend on both sides in the forward direction V, which are likewise permanently or detachably coupled to the auxiliary carriers 94, 96. The support 98 also includes a carrier plate 118, which extends above the horizontal plane spanned by the cross member 114 and the support plates 116 at a slightly backward and downward angle, which is approximately 4 ° in the example shown, but can alternatively be oriented exactly horizontally could. The connection between the carrier plate 118 on the one hand and the auxiliary beams 94, 96 and possibly the cross member 114 and the support plates 116 on the other hand is made by wedge-shaped retaining elements 120.The latter could also be omitted if the carrier plate 118 were arranged exactly horizontally so that the carrier plate then directly the auxiliary beams 94, 96 and possibly the cross member 114 and the support plates 116 would be attached. In this case, the said angle could also be achieved by suitable (vertical) dimensions of the auxiliary supports 94, 96. Another cross member, analogous to the cross member 114, can also extend in the transverse direction between the upper ends of the rear auxiliary members 94 and connect them to one another. In addition, the upper ends of the rear auxiliary carriers 94 are coupled to one another by the holding elements 120 and the carrier plate 118.
The rotary bearing 90 comprises a toothed ring 122 which is mechanically rigidly coupled to the lower part 106 of the discharge spout 26. The ring gear 122 is in engagement with a gear 124 of an adjusting drive 126 which is attached to the carrier plate 118 and which is used to adjust the discharge spout 26 about the (approximately) vertical axis. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the connection between the ring gear 122 and the lower part 106 takes place by means of a ring 128 fastened to the lower part 106, which is located above the ring gear 122 and is screwed to the ring gear 122. The ring 128 and / or the ring gear 122 can be constructed from segments in a manner known per se. Between the inner circumference of the ring gear 122 and a further ring 132, which is screwed to an annular region 130 protruding upward from the carrier plate 118, there are bearing elements (roller bearings), not shown in FIG the said axis can be rotated but otherwise firmly supported on the carrier plate 118.
The transition housing 92 is pushed at its upper end into a corresponding opening in the carrier plate 118 and / or in the annular region 130 protruding from the carrier plate 118. It can be fixed there with a force fit and / or form fit or it can be attached with a certain amount of play. In the latter case, a flexible seal can be present between the transition housing 92 and the opening in the carrier plate 118 and / or in the annular region 130 protruding from the carrier plate 118. The mechanical connection of the transition housing 92 to the frame 12 is done by screwing with one or more transversely extending flanges on the front and / or rear of the housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 and / or with a transverse bracket 134, which is located between the front auxiliary beams 96 above of the housing 104 and / or by means of a sheet metal structure 136 which extends between the upper end of the transition housing 92 and the carrier plate 118.
The support of the discharge chute 26 on the longitudinal members 42 of the frame 12 is carried out via the pivot bearing 90, the support 98 and the subframe construction with the auxiliary carriers 94 and 96, while the transition housing 92 is relieved of a load-bearing function for the discharge chute 26. Since the transition housing 92 does not have to absorb any or only small forces, it is not necessary to design it as a complex welded assembly and it is possible to design it as a wear part and to dispense with wear inserts.
权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
1. Forage harvester (10) with a supporting frame (12) which can be moved in a forward direction (V) over a field, a chopping drum (22) for chopping crops picked up by means of a header (20), one downstream of the chopping drum (22) ) arranged, designed as a tangential conveyor ejection accelerator (24), which comprises a housing (104) and a rotor (116) arranged therein, a transition housing (92) disposed downstream of the housing (104) of the ejection accelerator (24) and a transition housing (92) downstream of the transition housing ( 92) arranged discharge chute (26) for loading the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle, which is supported via a pivot bearing (90) on a support (98) coupled to the frame (12), characterized in that the support (98) is independent of the Transition housing (92) is coupled to the frame (12), so that the transition housing (92) has a supporting function for the discharge spout (26) is tloaded.
[2]
2. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 1, wherein the support (98) is connected by an auxiliary frame structure with two longitudinal members (42) extending in the forward direction (V), which in turn are connected to a drive motor (44), the chopping drum (22) and front and rear ground engaging means (14, 16) are coupled.
[3]
3. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 2, wherein the subframe construction comprises two front submounts (96) which are directly or indirectly coupled to a longitudinal member (42) and are located on the front of the ejection accelerator (24) and / or to the side thereof and / or extend below it upwards.
[4]
4. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the subframe construction comprises two rear submounts (94) which are coupled directly or indirectly to a longitudinal member (42) each and which extend upwards on the rear of the ejection accelerator (24).
[5]
5. forage harvester (10) according to claim 4, wherein the front auxiliary carrier (96) and rear auxiliary carrier (96) at their upper ends and / or below the upper ends with one another by one or more transversely extending cross members (114) and / or support plates (116) or supports extending in the forward direction and / or a support plate (118) of the support (98) are connected directly or indirectly to one another.
[6]
6. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 5, wherein the rotary bearing (90) on the carrier plate (118) and / or a frame structure with transverse beams (114) and / or support plates (116) or beams extending in the forward direction is attached.
[7]
7. forage harvester (10) according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the ejection accelerator (24) on both sides by brackets (100) on the front auxiliary beams (96) and / or rear auxiliary beams (94) and / or by separate support means directly or indirectly is supported on the side members (42).
[8]
8. forage harvester (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the discharge spout (26) is a by means of the rotary bearing (90) on the support (98) supported, tubular lower part (106) which by means of an adjusting drive (126) with respect to the Support (98) is rotatable about a vertical or slightly backwardly inclined axis, and comprises an upper part (108) which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis relative to the lower part (106) by an actuator (110), the lower part (106) , apart from the pivot bearing (90), is not supported by other means on the frame (12).
[9]
9. Forage harvester (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transition housing (92) is designed as a wear part and is not provided with wear inserts.
类似技术:
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DE102007035744B4|2009-07-09|Combination of a header and a trolley to support the header
DE102006030508A1|2008-01-10|Harvesting header`s pendulum-type suspension arrangement for e.g. self-propelled forage harvester, has supporting element exhibiting concave area, with which roller combines when harvesting header is in its base position
DE102016215045A1|2018-02-15|Transition housing for a forage harvester
EP2574230B1|2018-01-24|Self-propelled work machine
EP1932418B1|2009-12-02|Harvesting device for collecting harvested crops from the ground
DE202006019069U1|2007-05-16|Device for picking up crops lying on ground has distance of outer pick-up elements of adjacent pick-up units essentially less than or equal to mean length of crop to be picked up in working position
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AT232778B|1964-04-10|Forage harvester
CH480001A|1969-10-31|Loading wagons
同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
DE102019215142A1|2021-04-01|
BE1027578A1|2021-04-07|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
DE2638661A1|1975-09-19|1977-03-24|Fortschritt Veb K|Pivot for delivery chute - is fitted to hydraulically-operated forage harvester, and consists of ring mount with outer and inner ring and ball bearings|
EP2708109A1|2012-09-13|2014-03-19|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Agricultural harvester|
GB2287633A|1994-03-16|1995-09-27|New Holland Belguim Nv|Forage harvester|
GB2414373A|2004-05-27|2005-11-30|Cnh Belgium Nv|Accelerator and crop processor movement|
DE102008040902B4|2008-07-31|2017-05-11|Deere & Company|Self-propelled harvester with a sliding into a maintenance position screening device|
EP2269439B1|2009-05-08|2016-08-10|Deere & Company|Self-propelled agricultural harvesting machine with two combustion engines|
DE102010002509A1|2010-03-02|2011-09-08|Deere & Company|Forage harvester with a movable between an operating position and a non-operating position conditioning|
DE102013222254A1|2013-10-31|2015-04-30|Deere & Company|Sprung rear axle arrangement of a harvester|
法律状态:
2021-09-03| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210803 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DE102019215142.6A|DE102019215142A1|2019-10-01|2019-10-01|Forage harvester with discharge spout supported separately from the transition housing|
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